1 00:00:35,916 --> 00:00:38,040 BY THE END OF THE 4TH CENTURY A.D., 2 00:00:38,208 --> 00:00:40,749 THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS ON THE VERGE OF COLLAPSE. 3 00:00:40,916 --> 00:00:43,457 YET ALEXANDRIA, IN THE PROVINCE OF EGYPT, 4 00:00:43,625 --> 00:00:45,540 STILL RETAINED MUCH OF ITS SPLENDOR. 5 00:00:45,708 --> 00:00:48,707 IT BOASTED ONE OF THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD, 6 00:00:48,875 --> 00:00:52,207 THE LEGENDARY LIGHTHOUSE, AS WELL AS THE GREATEST LIBRARY ON EARTH. 7 00:00:52,375 --> 00:00:55,374 THE LIBRARY WAS NOT ONLY A CULTURAL SYMBOL, BUT ALSO A RELIGIOUS ONE, 8 00:00:55,541 --> 00:00:59,082 A PLACE WHERE THE PAGANS WORSHIPPED THEIR ANCESTRAL GODS. 9 00:00:59,291 --> 00:01:01,082 THE CITY'S LONG-ESTABLISHED PAGAN CULT 10 00:01:01,250 --> 00:01:03,790 WAS NOW CHALLENGED BY THE THE JEWISH FAITH 11 00:01:03,958 --> 00:01:08,957 AND A RAPIDLY SPREADING RELIGION UNTIL RECENTLY BANNED: CHRISTIANITY. 12 00:03:27,125 --> 00:03:31,832 LIBRARY OF ALEXANDRIA, 391 A.D. 13 00:58:38,875 --> 00:58:40,624 AFTER THE STORMING OF THE LIBRARY, 14 00:58:40,791 --> 00:58:42,665 MANY PAGANS CONVERTED TO CHRISTIANITY 15 00:58:42,833 --> 00:58:44,624 AND ALEXANDRIA ENJOYED A TIME OF PEACE. 16 00:58:44,791 --> 00:58:47,290 HYPATIA CONTINUED HER TEACHING AND RESEARCH 17 00:58:47,458 --> 00:58:49,999 WHILE HER FORMER DISCIPLES OCCUPIED IMPORTANT POSTS 18 00:58:50,166 --> 00:58:51,499 AMONG THE SOCIAL ELITE. 19 00:58:51,666 --> 00:58:53,999 THE ROMAN EMPIRE FINALLY SPLIT INTO TWO PARTS. 20 00:58:54,166 --> 00:58:56,665 MANY CHRISTIANS SAW THIS AS A SIGN OF THE END OF THE WORLD 21 00:58:56,833 --> 00:58:58,874 AND DECIDED TO PREPARE THEMSELVES BY LIVING HOLIER LIVES. 22 00:59:00,000 --> 00:59:02,999 THE ORDER OF MONKS KNOWN AS THE "PARABALANI" 23 00:59:03,166 --> 00:59:05,082 TOOK CHARGE OF PATROLLING THE STREETS 24 00:59:05,250 --> 00:59:07,332 TO SAFEGUARD CHRISTIAN MORALITY... 25 00:59:07,708 --> 00:59:11,499 ...NOW ONLY COMPLICATED BY THE PRESENCE OF THE JEWS. 26 00:59:17,416 --> 00:59:21,165 THE LIBRARY, SOME YEARS LATER. 27 01:58:08,875 --> 01:58:11,915 HYPATIA'S MUTILATED BODY WAS DRAGGED THROUGH THE STREETS 28 01:58:12,083 --> 01:58:13,290 AND BURNED ON A PYRE. 29 01:58:13,458 --> 01:58:15,999 ORESTES DISAPPEARED, NEVER TO BE SEEN AGAIN. 30 01:58:16,166 --> 01:58:18,332 CYRIL SEIZED POWER OF ALEXANDRIA. 31 01:58:20,750 --> 01:58:25,249 MUCH LATER, CYRIL WAS DECLARED A SAINT AND A DOCTOR BY THE CHURCH. 32 01:58:29,125 --> 01:58:31,707 ALTHOUGH NONE OF HYPATIA'S WORKS SURVIVED, 33 01:58:31,875 --> 01:58:34,374 IT IS KNOWN THAT SHE WAS AN OUTSTANDING ASTRONOMER 34 01:58:34,541 --> 01:58:37,165 AND RENOWNED FOR HER MATHEMATICAL STUDIES ON CONIC SECTIONS. 35 01:58:42,416 --> 01:58:44,582 1200 YEARS LATER, IN THE 17TH CENTURY, 36 01:58:44,791 --> 01:58:48,665 THE ASTRONOMER JOHANNES KEPLER DISCOVERED THAT ONE OF THESE CURVES, 37 01:58:48,833 --> 01:58:51,665 THE ELLIPSE, GOVERNED THE MOTION OF THE PLANETS.